The Food Security Of India

The pabulum Security Of India diet Security as described in World Food Summit, Rome 1996, Food Security exists, when all people, at all time subscribe to physical and scotch access to decent safe and nutritious fodder to meet their dietary needs and nutrition p give e atomic number 18nce for an active and healthy life. India uptill now has faced 14 famines in its history and among them the Bengal Famine of 1943 was the worst. Food accessibility and agriculture in India has been somely related to the vagaries of monsoon. In the historical concentrated efforts were made to achieve aliment security by increasing intellectual nourishment grain output. The special K whirling was a step towards revealing Food Security.For maintaining a satisfactory level of available and buffer stock of diet grains and to ensure national fodder security, The Food Corporation of India (FCI henceforth) was set up under the Food Corporation practise 1964. It ensured effective price suppor t operation for safeguarding the interest of the farmers. An other(a) beta work that FCI does is managing the Public Distri just nowion System. FCI maintains nutrient security in the earth through and through its four Zonal Offices- North partition off, South Zone, East Zone and West Zone and their respective regional offices. FCI has also established a comprehensive and a structured training mechanism in agreement with its organisational goals known as the Institute of Food Security. The flagship activity of the institute has been to calculate short-term training programmes on various subjects related to Food Security, managerial Skills, Computer skills and on operations of FCI.Food Security as we develop mentioned above exists when all people have access to have fodder for thought and there is a minimum level of nutrition that is maintained. on that point be four main dimensions of solid nutriment security that can be placePTOPhysical Availability of food- It is dete rmined by the level of food production, stock levels and net trade or in short we refer to the supply side of food availability.Economic and Physical access to food- entrance money to food depends on income, expenditure, market and prevailing prices in the market. Availability of food grains in the country does non ensure availability to every individual.Food utilization- Sufficient energy and nutrient intake by individuals along with good enough biological utilization of food consumed determines the nutritional status of individuals.Stability of other three dimensions over time Adverse w squanderher schools, political conditions and economic factors have an impact over food security.In spite of uniform efforts by the government and FCIs restate efforts India has failed to feed the teeming millions. Food availability in the country is poor and there still remain a capacious count people who strive to complicate two squares of meal a day. Innovative strategic intervention s are the needs of the hour and they have to be implemented to ensure food availability, food access and utilization. emancipation from hunger is non only a basic right but it is also essential for the enjoyment of all other rights. There has to be much stress on community farming. Through research and development it has to be invested to reduce cost of production. New technology has to be introduced so as to achieve broad(prenominal) production and better profess. It has been rightly mentioned in our five year plans that the time has come to introduce a secant yard Revolution. A revolution of such a not bad(p) speciality is required to overcome these ailments. Expanding utilization of food facilities and encouraging private heavens investments can be other possibility towards achieving this goal.Over the years India has miserably failed to achieve food security. The number of people without enough food to eat on a regular basis remains stubbornly high through the ages. In India most 29 % of the 872.9 million people are malnourished. There have been various reasons contributing to this. One of major reasons is that Indian agriculture has been highly dependent on the vagaries of monsoon. rain peeing has been constantly insurrectionist in India and moreover the recent win overs in the climatic conditions all over the world have contributed to the problem of unavailability of food. In spite of Governments repeated efforts to maintain Food Security and availability, it has been highly subject to the irregularities of boorish production. It is state that India attained national food self-sufficiency 35 years ago yet about 35% of its population remains food insecure. We olfactory modality into the close interlink between food security and agriculture.In the past three ecstasys the South Asian countries have made considerable publicity in food production which was elicited by the Green Revolution. Green Revolution was introduced in mid-sixties a nd they brought in the use of High compliant Variety (HYV) of seeds. It brought about a revolutionary boost in production. at one time there was a huge expansion in the crop yield which contributed to the countrys growth. exclusively agriculture was highly decelerated in the country and more reduce was laid on industrial enterprise. Thus the wave of green revolution did not reach all parts of the country and it full effect was not realised. It remained regional and only usurped the rich farmers. Also in the 1960s India experienced two major droughts and there was a severe food shortage. There was not sufficient food for all. Also we can vocalize that green revolution was successful to some extent but the aim of self sufficiency and food security still seem handle a distant dream.In India mood plays a major exercise in agriculture. Agriculture even to this day is highly dependent on the vagaries of monsoon. Climatic change will affect food security through its impacts on all components of national and local food production system. There has been a rising trend in the temperatures all over the world. This has contributed to a crash in rain die drastically. Another aspect of climatic change is that of total weather events like cyclone which has made agriculture losses high and has affected total production. Climatic changes as seawater incursion and unique flooding are effecting greatly as well. Changes in temperature and precipitation find water run-off and erosion affecting soil organic carbon and due north content and salinity in the soil. Thus the changing weather condition all over the world has had its toll on agriculture. The new climatic conditions are more likely to have negative impacts such as a rise in the spread of diseases and pests, which will reduce yields. Rainfall trends have changed and decrease in rainfall has lead to a fall in production. Rising temperature, changing precipitation patterns and an increasing frequency of extreme weather events are expected to be the reasons for reducing regional water availability. In a country like India where there is leave out of irrigation facilities and agriculture is completely dependent on rainfall, irregular rainfall directly affect the total crop production. Unavailability of sufficient water is also another reason for crop failure. Grain output has been stagnating for over a decade and there is a growing gap between supply and essential. A decrease in production leads to poor availability and thus food security of the country is poor. The crisis has been building up for some time. The food grains yields of Indian farmers are not going up. Thus we come to the conclusion that climate change will reduce crop yield in the tropical country like India. The regional inequality in food production resulting from climate change will have a very great implication on the food security of the country.Another problem is that of lack of proper mechanization in agriculture. In dian farmers are mostly likewise poor to implement the modern techniques or machinery in their farms. The small and borderline farmers generally sell their produce. Now transporting and storage of food grains too holds huge importance in a country like India where the condition of cornerstone is very poor. The Food Corporation of India has been entrusted with the job of maintaining a buffer stock. A buffer stock is necessary so as to ensure food security during bad agricultural years or crop failures. But due to lack of infrastructure every year there is a considerable amount of food grains that is wasted.Quantity of food grains damaged in India YEARQUANTITY(lakh MTs)2004-20050.972005-20060.952006-20070.252007-20080.342008-20090.032009-20100.03AVERAGE0.58Source Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 2779, date 27.04.2007. Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3065, dated 08.12.2009The above table shows the amount of food which is wasted from 2004-2010. In a country like India where agricu ltural production is not enough and people do not get two squares of meal a day, these datas are shocking. This has lead to a fall in food security because there has been a deficiency of food grains.Another important factor in this context is that of land use. overdue to rapid industrialisation in building roads, houses and factories, private entrepreneurs are pickings a appearance the fertile lands for non-agricultural purposes. The supply of land in nature is resolved and as more and more land is used for non-agricultural practises it has been seen that the land for agricultural purpose is decreasing. People look at the comparative advantage of industrialisation over agriculture. But they fail to realise that in a way they are decreasing their food-grain production. This has lead to a disparity between the demand and supply of food grains and thus instability in food security.The food policy of India took up two objectives one is to create a food surplus economy and next is to provide food grains at subsidized rates. Our Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had implemented a seed-water-fertilizer policy commonly called the Green Revolution in order to attain self-sufficiency and to attain food security.It is time we had a revolution of such an intensity to revive our strategies to attain food security. In a country as huge as India where population grows at about 8 % and where a large oaf of the population is malnourished and under-weight it becomes necessary to attain food security. The supply chain of mountains between the farmers and the consumers should be shortened. Farmer friendly marketing processes should be introduced. And most important a second revolution is necessary to bring about stability in the Food Security in the country.**************************